Развитие учения о юридической ответственности в правовой мысли новейшего времени
Раздел I. Политическая и правовая система общества ; Дается оценка теории «двухаспектной правовой ответственности», согласно которой кроме юридической ответственности за правонарушение существует пози тивная ответственность. Анализируется вклад белорусских правоведов в оп ре деление понятия и сущности юридической ответственности, в изучение ее от дель ных видов. Делается вывод о том, что если в прошлом осмысление многих во просов юридической ответственности в правовой науке носило скорее прикладной ха рактер, то на современном этапе в теории права оно приобрело методологическое, мировоззренческое значение = The author comes to the conclusion that the history of political and legal thought the legal responsibility, both in law and in the writings of legal scholars, philosophers, thinkers, in a broad sense understood in different ways. Up until the mid of the XX century it was equated with the penalty for the offense. In criminal law, legal responsibility is always equated with a punishment, in civil law – with the reimbursement of damages or with state enforcement of the fulfillment their duties, in public law – with payment of a fine, etc. In the theory of law that point of view is reflected in the identification of responsibility with penalties. Sometimes the legal responsibility is defined as the public enforcement of the rules, as the obligation that arises not from the fact of the offense, and in connection with the adoption of the act and other law enforcement. In the article the reasons of increased interest of researchers to the theoretical problems of legal responsibility in the second half of the ХХ century are analyzed. The contribution of Belarusian lawyers to the definition of the concept and the essence of the legal responsibility in studying of its separate kinds is shown. The conclusion is done that if in the past the judgment of many questions of legal responsibility in a legal science had rather an applied character, so at present it has got a methodological world outlook value in the theory of law
